Uses 3mm x 3mm cylindrical magets (axial polarized). This is large enough to store the base set plus the seafarers ships. There is still a little bit of room left at the top, but I'm not sure how much more you can stuff in there.
I also designed a simple tool you can use to install those tiny magnets: https://www.printables.com/model/588106-3mm-magnet-install-tool-catan
The author marked this model as their own original creation.